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Madrid has one of Europe's most extreme capital climates: temperatures range from -5°C in winter to 40°C+ in summer. The city sits on the Castilian plateau at 667 metres elevation, which creates large day-night temperature swings — including cold nights even in July and August when daytime highs are scorching.
That elevation is Madrid's ventilation advantage. Even in July, nights drop to 18–20°C, creating a 15–18°C swing between afternoon and pre-dawn. Nocturnal ventilation — opening windows from 11 PM through 7 AM — is one of the most effective passive cooling strategies available, capable of dropping indoor temperature to comfortable levels before the next afternoon peak.
Madrid's air quality has improved significantly since the Madrid Central low-emission zone launched in 2018. The city centre regularly sees AQI below 30. The main summer challenge is ground-level ozone, peaking on hot, still afternoons — exactly when temperatures already argue against opening windows.
A Madrid, i momenti migliori per ventilare sono di solito al mattino presto (5–8) e dopo il tramonto, quando la temperatura esterna scende sotto quella interna.
Sì, nella maggior parte dei casi. Aprire le finestre può abbassare la temperatura interna di 2–5°C in 30 minuti se l'aria esterna è più fresca.
Sopra l'80% di umidità, aprire le finestre rende l'aria appiccicosa. Meglio aspettare ore più asciutte.